Wiki Languages: Banjar language (Bahasa Banjar)
Language: Banjar (Banjar language) | Local name: Bahasa Banjar |
Language code: bjn | Display language: English (en)|
Speak area: Indonesia | Classification: Austronesian |
Country: Indonesia | Second language: |
Usage: regional | Wiki language for Banjar language |
Dictionary for Banjar (Bahasa Banjar) in English
English | Banjar |
Bahasa Banjar | English |
Banjarese | |
---|---|
Basa Banjar Jaku Banjar | |
Native to | Indonesia |
Region |
|
Ethnicity | Banjarese |
Native speakers | L1: 4,127,124 (2010 census)[1] L1 & L2: ~10,650,000 |
Language family | Austronesian
|
Standard forms | Standard Banjarese |
Dialects |
|
Writing system |
|
Official status | |
Official language in | South Kalimantan (co-official) |
Development body | Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | bjn |
Glottolog | banj1241 |
Linguasphere | 31-MFA-fd |
The Banjar or Banjarese (Basa Banjar; Jaku Banjar) is an Austronesian language predominantly spoken by the Banjarese—an indigenous ethnic group native to Banjar regions— in the southeastern Kalimantan of Indonesia. The Banjarese language is the de factolingua franca for various indigenous community especially in South Kalimantan, as well as Central Kalimantan (notably in Seruyan Regency and Sukamara Regency) and East Kalimantan in general.
Apart from the native Banjarese in Indonesia, the Banjarese language also spoken by little Banjarese diaspora abroad (such as in Brunei, Malaysia (notably in Sabah and Perak), and Singapore), however they tend to not use it as their primary language, and their fluency degree is questionable.
Dialects
There are at least three divisions of dialects within the Banjarese language:
- Batangbanyu Banjarese
- Kuala Banjarese[4][5]
- Pahuluan Banjarese[2][3]
According to Cense,[6] the Pahuluan Banjarese are predominantly spoken by Banjarese people in the South Hulu Sungai Regency and North Hulu Sungai Regency regions.
Phonology
The consonantal inventory of Banjarese language is shown below:[7]
Consonants
Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | |
voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | ||
Fricative | s | h | ||||
Lateral | l | |||||
Rhotic | r | |||||
Approximant | w | j |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i | u | |
Mid | ɛ | o | |
Open | a |
Alphabet
Alphabet[7] | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | b | c | d | é | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ny | ng | o | p | r | s | t | u | w | y |
Phonetic value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
a | b | tʃ | d | ɛ | g | h | i | dʒ | k | l | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | o | p | r | s | t | u | w | j |
Sample text
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The following texts are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Banjarese language along with the original declaration in English.
English[8] | Banjarese |
---|---|
Universal Declaration of Human Rights | Pranyatan Hak Urang Barataan |
Article 1 | Ujah 1 |
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | Sagala urang hiput babar lik sapala awak barataan. Urang sanyaan dibari nugaraha baakal maigungakan, handak bakawalan nang mambawa sumangat sapaadingan. |
Simple conversation
Here are examples of simple conversation in Banjarese language:
Banjarese | sapa ngaran pian? |
---|---|
English | what is your name? |
Banjarese | ngaran ulun ... |
---|---|
English | my name is ... |
Banjarese | ulun handak bailang kasidin |
---|---|
English | I want to visit there |
Banjarese | lawas ka lagian hanyar tuntung gawian pian? |
---|---|
English | is it still long for you to finish your work? |
Banjarese | ulun dibari uma wadai |
---|---|
English | I was given a cake by a woman |
Expression
Here are examples of expressions in Banjarese language:
Standard Banjarese | bahindang bahindala |
---|---|
Literal translation | the color is lit |
Meaning | striking or colorful sight |
Standard Banjarese | gawi sabumi baimbai |
---|---|
Literal translation | work on a land together |
Meaning | mutual cooperation |
Standard Banjarese | hirang mamburit rinjing |
---|---|
Literal translation | as black as the bottom of wok |
Meaning | (racial slur) black people |
Standard Banjarese | kaguguran andaru |
---|---|
Literal translation | something fall |
Meaning | windfall |
Standard Banjarese | yaindang yaimput |
---|---|
Literal translation | pensive and shrink |
Meaning | stuck (about mindset) |
See also
- Banjar people
- Banjarese architecture
- Banjarmasin
- South Kalimantan
- Paradisec
References
- ^Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama, dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia (Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010) [Citizenship, Ethnicity, Religion, and Languages of the Indonesian Population (Results of the 2010 Population Census)] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Central Bureau of National Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia, 2010
- ^ abBahasa Banjar Hulu [Pahuluan Banjar Language] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1978.
- ^ abKamus Bahasa Banjar Dialek Hulu-Indonesia [Pahuluan Banjarese Dictionary to Indonesian] (in Indonesian). Banjarmasin: Banjarmasin Linguistic Center, Department of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia. 2008. ISBN 978-979-685-776-0.
- ^ abStruktur Bahasa Banjar Kuala [Language Structure of Kuala Banjarese] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1981.
- ^ abMorfo Sintaksis Bahasa Banjar Kuala [Syntactic Morphology of Kuala Banjarese] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1986.
- ^A.A.Cee - E.M. Uhienbeck, Critical Survey of Studies on the Language of Borneo, 'S-Gravenhage-Martinus Nijhoff. 1958, hal. 9.
- ^ abHapip, Abdul Jebar (2006). Kamus Banjar Indonesia, Cetakan V.
- ^"OHCHR -". www.ohchr.org. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
Bibliography
- Bahasa Banjar Hulu [Pahuluan Banjar Language] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1978.
- Inventarisasi Kosakata Populer Bahasa Kutai dan Bahasa Banjar [Inventory of Popular Vocabulary of Kutai language and Banjarese language] (in Indonesian). Samarinda: East Kalimantan Provincial Linguistic Centre, Republic of Indonesia. 2007. ISBN 978-979-16282-5-9.
- Kamus Bahasa Banjar Dialek Hulu-Indonesia [Pahuluan Banjarese Dictionary to Indonesian] (in Indonesian). Banjarmasin: Banjarmasin Linguistic Center, Department of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia. 2008. ISBN 978-979-685-776-0.
- Morfo Sintaksis Bahasa Banjar Kuala [Syntactic Morphology of Kuala Banjarese] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1986.
- Nomina Bahasa Banjar [Nouns in Banjarese Language] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Research and Development Agency and Bookkeeping of the Republic of Indonesia. 1998. ISBN 979-459-833-X.
- Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Banjar [General Guidelines for Banjarese Spelling] (in Indonesian) (1 ed.). Banjarmasin: Banjarmasin Linguistic Center, Language Center, Department of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia. 2009.
- Refleksi Etimon Proto-Austronesia dalam Bahasa Banjar [Reflections of Proto-Austronesian Etimons in Banjarese Language] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1992. ISBN 979459315X.
- Struktur Bahasa Banjar Kuala [Language Structure of Kuala Banjarese] (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Language Development Center of the Republic of Indonesia. 1981.